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Which among the following has been considered as fundamental in the governance of the country?
Ans) B
Exp)
• Article 37 of the Constitution makes it clear that the Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the state to apply these principles in making laws. Thus, Directive Principles of State Policy impose a moral obligation on the state authorities for their application, but the real force behind them is political, that is public opinion.
Ans) B
Exp)
• Article 37 of the Constitution makes it clear that the Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the state to apply these principles in making laws. Thus, Directive Principles of State Policy impose a moral obligation on the state authorities for their application, but the real force behind them is political, that is public opinion.
Consider the following statements:
1. A law for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights can be made by the Union Legislature only.
2. Some of the Fundamental Rights are self-executory in nature.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Ans) C
Exp)
• Both the statements are correct. A law aiming at enforcement of Fundamental Rights can be made only by the Parliament and not by state legislatures so that uniformity throughout the country is maintained (Article 35).
• Most of the Fundamental Rights are directly enforceable (self-executory) while a few of them can be enforced on the basis of a law made for giving effect to them. Self executory means the Parliament need not make laws to implement these Rights. There are certain exceptions e.g. For Right to Education under Article 21A, a law was required by the Parliament.
Ans) C
Exp)
• Both the statements are correct. A law aiming at enforcement of Fundamental Rights can be made only by the Parliament and not by state legislatures so that uniformity throughout the country is maintained (Article 35).
• Most of the Fundamental Rights are directly enforceable (self-executory) while a few of them can be enforced on the basis of a law made for giving effect to them. Self executory means the Parliament need not make laws to implement these Rights. There are certain exceptions e.g. For Right to Education under Article 21A, a law was required by the Parliament.
The executive power in India is actually exercised by
Ans) B
Exp)
• The executive power in India is actually exercised by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
• There is a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions. The Prime Minister is a
• ppointed by the President, who also appoints other ministers on the advice of Prime Minister. The Council of Ministers comprises Ministers who are members of Cabinet, Ministers of State (independent charge), Ministers of State and Deputy Ministers.
Ans) B
Exp)
• The executive power in India is actually exercised by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
• There is a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions. The Prime Minister is a
• ppointed by the President, who also appoints other ministers on the advice of Prime Minister. The Council of Ministers comprises Ministers who are members of Cabinet, Ministers of State (independent charge), Ministers of State and Deputy Ministers.
Consider the following statements:
1. The Parliament is obliged to approve a resolution passed by the state legislatures for the creation or abolition of legislative councils in the states.
2. The Constitution prescribes a time frame of six months within which the state legislatures should ratify or reject an amendment submitted to them.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Ans) D
Exp)
• The state legislatures cannot initiate any bill or proposal for amending the Constitution except in one case, that is, passing a resolution requesting the Parliament for the creation or abolition of legislative councils in the states. Here also, the Parliament can either approve or disapprove such a resolution or may not take any action on it. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 2 is incorrect.The Constitution does not prescribe the time frame within which the state legislatures should ratify or reject an amendment submitted to them. Also, it is silent on the issue whether the states can withdraw their approval after according the same.
Ans) D
Exp)
• The state legislatures cannot initiate any bill or proposal for amending the Constitution except in one case, that is, passing a resolution requesting the Parliament for the creation or abolition of legislative councils in the states. Here also, the Parliament can either approve or disapprove such a resolution or may not take any action on it. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 2 is incorrect.The Constitution does not prescribe the time frame within which the state legislatures should ratify or reject an amendment submitted to them. Also, it is silent on the issue whether the states can withdraw their approval after according the same.
Which of the following is/are objective(s) of Fundamental Rights?
1. To establish the rule of law
2. To protect the liberties and freedoms of the people.
3. To promote distributive justice in the country.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Ans) B
Exp)
• The Fundamental Rights are meant for promoting the ideal of political democracy. They prevent the establishment of an authoritarian and despotic rule in the country and protect the liberties and freedoms of the people against the invasion by the State. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature. In short, they aim at establishing 'a government of laws and not of men'. Hence, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
• A combination of social justice and economic justice denotes what is known as ‘distributive justice’. Economic justice denotes the non-discrimination between people on the basis of economic factors. It involves the elimination of glaring inequalities in wealth, income and property. While the Fundamental Rights aims to secure political justice, the Directive Principles aims to achieve social and economic justice. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
Ans) B
Exp)
• The Fundamental Rights are meant for promoting the ideal of political democracy. They prevent the establishment of an authoritarian and despotic rule in the country and protect the liberties and freedoms of the people against the invasion by the State. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature. In short, they aim at establishing 'a government of laws and not of men'. Hence, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
• A combination of social justice and economic justice denotes what is known as ‘distributive justice’. Economic justice denotes the non-discrimination between people on the basis of economic factors. It involves the elimination of glaring inequalities in wealth, income and property. While the Fundamental Rights aims to secure political justice, the Directive Principles aims to achieve social and economic justice. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.