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With reference to environment and ecology, between which one of the following the competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe?
Ans) B
Exp)
• In environment and ecology, competition is rivalry for obtaining the same resource. Competition of light, nutrients and space is most severe between closely related organisms growing in the same area/niche, due to overproduction of population in the same area/niche.
• Predator-prey relations refer to the interactions between two species where one species is the hunted food source for the other. The organism that feeds is called the predator and the organism that is fed upon is the prey.
Ans) B
Exp)
• In environment and ecology, competition is rivalry for obtaining the same resource. Competition of light, nutrients and space is most severe between closely related organisms growing in the same area/niche, due to overproduction of population in the same area/niche.
• Predator-prey relations refer to the interactions between two species where one species is the hunted food source for the other. The organism that feeds is called the predator and the organism that is fed upon is the prey.
In an ecosystem, which one shows the one-way passage?
Ans) D
Exp)
• The behaviour of energy in the ecosystem can be termed energy flow due to the unidirectional flow of energy, Flow of energy is only in one direction i.e., from solar radiation ? producers ? herbivorous ? carnivores.
• This energy cannot pass in the reverse direction. There is a decrease in the content and flow of energy with a rise in the tropic level.
Ans) D
Exp)
• The behaviour of energy in the ecosystem can be termed energy flow due to the unidirectional flow of energy, Flow of energy is only in one direction i.e., from solar radiation ? producers ? herbivorous ? carnivores.
• This energy cannot pass in the reverse direction. There is a decrease in the content and flow of energy with a rise in the tropic level.
The relation between algae and fungi in lichen is
Ans) C
Exp)
• Algae and fungi in a lichen show symbiotic relationship. Fungi give support to the algae, give protection and help in absorption of water while algae provide food to fungi which is achlorophyllous. No one is harmed but both are benefitted by each other.
• Protocooperation is where two species interact with each other beneficially; they have no need to interact with each other - they interact purely for the gain that they receive from doing this. It is not at all necessary for protocooperation to occur; growth and survival is possible in the absence of the interaction.
Ans) C
Exp)
• Algae and fungi in a lichen show symbiotic relationship. Fungi give support to the algae, give protection and help in absorption of water while algae provide food to fungi which is achlorophyllous. No one is harmed but both are benefitted by each other.
• Protocooperation is where two species interact with each other beneficially; they have no need to interact with each other - they interact purely for the gain that they receive from doing this. It is not at all necessary for protocooperation to occur; growth and survival is possible in the absence of the interaction.
Which of the following is/are benefits derived through the Seawater Greenhouse method?
1. It enables the growth of crops in arid regions.
2. It soaks water from surrounding and dehumidifies the air surrounding the plant.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Ans) A
Exp)
• Statement 1 is correct. A seawater greenhouse is a greenhouse structure that enables the growth of crops in arid regions, using seawater and solar energy. The technique involves pumping seawater (or allowing it to gravitate if below sea level) to an arid location and then subjecting it to two processes: first, it is used to humidify and cool the air, and second, it is evaporated by solar heating and distilled to produce fresh water.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The technique involves pumping seawater (or allowing it to gravitate if below sea level) to an arid location and then subjecting it to two processes: first, it is used to humidify and cool the air, and second, it is evaporated by solar heating and distilled to produce fresh water. Finally, the remaining humidified air is expelled from the greenhouse and used to improve growing conditions for outdoor plants. Thus it provides humidification.
Ans) A
Exp)
• Statement 1 is correct. A seawater greenhouse is a greenhouse structure that enables the growth of crops in arid regions, using seawater and solar energy. The technique involves pumping seawater (or allowing it to gravitate if below sea level) to an arid location and then subjecting it to two processes: first, it is used to humidify and cool the air, and second, it is evaporated by solar heating and distilled to produce fresh water.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The technique involves pumping seawater (or allowing it to gravitate if below sea level) to an arid location and then subjecting it to two processes: first, it is used to humidify and cool the air, and second, it is evaporated by solar heating and distilled to produce fresh water. Finally, the remaining humidified air is expelled from the greenhouse and used to improve growing conditions for outdoor plants. Thus it provides humidification.
The Talanoa Dialogue is directly associated with
Ans) B
Exp)
• The Talanoa Dialogue is a process designed to help countries implement and enhance their Nationally Determined Contributions by 2020. The Talanoa Dialogue was launched at COP 23 under the Presidency of the Republic of Fiji.
• The Dialogue was mandated by the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change to take stock of the collective global efforts to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases, in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement, which is to limit the rise in average global temperature to 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C.
Ans) B
Exp)
• The Talanoa Dialogue is a process designed to help countries implement and enhance their Nationally Determined Contributions by 2020. The Talanoa Dialogue was launched at COP 23 under the Presidency of the Republic of Fiji.
• The Dialogue was mandated by the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change to take stock of the collective global efforts to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases, in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement, which is to limit the rise in average global temperature to 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C.