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The index titled 'Environmental Democracy Index' sometimes seen in the news, aims to
• The Environmental Democracy Index is developed by The Access Initiative (TAI) and the World Resources Institute (WRI). It aims to track national progress in promoting environmental democracy in law and practice.
• The Environmental Democracy Index (EDI) is the first comprehensive index designed specifically to measure procedural rights in an environmental context. The United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Bali Guidelines for the Development of National Legislation on Access to Information, Public Participation and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (hereinafter called UNEP P10 Bali Guidelines) provide EDI with an international standard against which national laws can be assessed.
• The Environmental Democracy Index is developed by The Access Initiative (TAI) and the World Resources Institute (WRI). It aims to track national progress in promoting environmental democracy in law and practice.
• The Environmental Democracy Index (EDI) is the first comprehensive index designed specifically to measure procedural rights in an environmental context. The United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Bali Guidelines for the Development of National Legislation on Access to Information, Public Participation and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (hereinafter called UNEP P10 Bali Guidelines) provide EDI with an international standard against which national laws can be assessed.
Which of the following are characteristics of the human-modified ecosystems?
1. Food chains are complex
2. Attract very less number of weeds
3. More susceptible to epidemic diseases
4. Suffer from soil erosion
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Characteristics of human-modified ecosystems:
1. Highly simplified.
2. Species diversity is very low.
3. Food chains are simple and small.Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
4. Depend on human (anthropogenic) support for survival; need for fossil fuel energy,fertilizers, irrigation etc.
5. Attract a large number of weeds.Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
6. More susceptible to epidemic diseases. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
7. Suffer from soil erosion. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
8. Highly unstable.
Characteristics of human-modified ecosystems:
1. Highly simplified.
2. Species diversity is very low.
3. Food chains are simple and small.Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
4. Depend on human (anthropogenic) support for survival; need for fossil fuel energy,fertilizers, irrigation etc.
5. Attract a large number of weeds.Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
6. More susceptible to epidemic diseases. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
7. Suffer from soil erosion. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
8. Highly unstable.
With reference to the initiative 'Internet of Birds (IoB)', sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements:
1. It is a joint initiative of the BirdLife International and the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
2. It enables us to identify birds through the power of Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, and Image Recognition.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The ‘Internet of Birds (IoB)’ is the first platform to identify birds from the Indian subcontinent through the power of Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning and Image Recognition. IoB is a citizen science platform by Accenture Labs in collaboration with the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS).
• Statement 2 is correct. The Internet of Birds (IoB) platform is currently trained on 591 species of birds. The prediction of IoB is based on images of birds recognized by the system.
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The ‘Internet of Birds (IoB)’ is the first platform to identify birds from the Indian subcontinent through the power of Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning and Image Recognition. IoB is a citizen science platform by Accenture Labs in collaboration with the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS).
• Statement 2 is correct. The Internet of Birds (IoB) platform is currently trained on 591 species of birds. The prediction of IoB is based on images of birds recognized by the system.
With reference to the organizations of ecology, consider the following statements:
1. The population is the total number of different species living in a specific geographical area at a given time.
2. A rapidly growing population will usually contain a large proportion of individuals in the reproductive age group.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
• Statement 1 is incorrect. ‘Population’ is defined as a group of freely interbreeding individuals of the same species present in a specific geographical area at a given time.
• Statement 2 is correct. A rapidly growing population will usually contain a large proportion of individuals in the reproductive age group; a stationary population (where there is no increase or decrease in population) contains an even distribution of all age groups, and a declining population contains a large proportion of old or individuals of post-reproductive age.
• Statement 1 is incorrect. ‘Population’ is defined as a group of freely interbreeding individuals of the same species present in a specific geographical area at a given time.
• Statement 2 is correct. A rapidly growing population will usually contain a large proportion of individuals in the reproductive age group; a stationary population (where there is no increase or decrease in population) contains an even distribution of all age groups, and a declining population contains a large proportion of old or individuals of post-reproductive age.
Which of the following conditions is/are associated with the ecological succession?
1. Increased diversity of organisms with increased niche development.
2. The gradual increase in the complexity of food webs.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
• Both the statements are correct.Ecological succession is a compositional change in an ecological community over time. Succession occurs after some major, or minor, the disturbance has disrupted the previous composition of the community. Complete disturbance, where all life is eradicated, like during a volcanic eruption, or the formation of a new island, results in a long-term succession process. Usually, disturbances are less complete, like forest fires, and succession to a climax community occurs more quickly.
• The first plant to colonize an area is called the pioneer community. The final stage of succession is called the climax community. The stage leading to the climax community is called successional stages or seres.
• Succession is characterized by the following: increased productivity, the shift of nutrients from the reservoirs, increased diversity of organisms with increased niche development, and a gradual increase in the complexity of food webs.
• Both the statements are correct.Ecological succession is a compositional change in an ecological community over time. Succession occurs after some major, or minor, the disturbance has disrupted the previous composition of the community. Complete disturbance, where all life is eradicated, like during a volcanic eruption, or the formation of a new island, results in a long-term succession process. Usually, disturbances are less complete, like forest fires, and succession to a climax community occurs more quickly.
• The first plant to colonize an area is called the pioneer community. The final stage of succession is called the climax community. The stage leading to the climax community is called successional stages or seres.
• Succession is characterized by the following: increased productivity, the shift of nutrients from the reservoirs, increased diversity of organisms with increased niche development, and a gradual increase in the complexity of food webs.